The Effects Of Stigma On Functioning On Bipolar Disorder...

The Impact of Stigma on Functioning in Bipolar Disorder Patients Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a mood disorder that requires careful medication management during a patient’s lifetime (Halter, 2014, p. 227). Bipolar disorder is described as recurrent episodes of mood changes ranging from mania to irritability to depression (Halter, 2014, p. 228). Periods of normal functioning are also recurrent with mood shifts. Often times bipolar disorder goes undiagnosed for many years which is linked to undesirable outcomes such as suicide (Halter, 2014, p. 227). On the other hand, many patients with a definite diagnosis report denying their illness because of the stigma that is associated with mood disorders (Thome, Dargel, Migliavacca, Potter, Jappur, Kapczinski, Cereser, 2011) . Perceived stigma is an attribute that devalues or discriminates against a human being because of their mental illness (Pedneault, 2014). Stigmatizing attitudes can negatively impact on th e patients psychosocial functioning, behavior tendencies and cognitive function. Research Appraisal I chose to do an article relating to bipolar disorder patients, because I have come into contact with numerous patients with both Bipolar I and Bipolar II diagnoses in clinical this semester and I enjoy speaking with them and listening to their stories. I have witnessed them at both at high’s and low’s and I am intrigued to learn about different experiences and stigma that have affected theirShow MoreRelatedThe Stigma Associated With Bipolar Disorder1448 Words   |  6 PagesLiving with Bipolar Disorder The stigma associated with bipolar disorder is unacceptable. The purpose of this paper is to improve the readers ability to understand what bipolar disorder is and how being diagnosed with this disorder affects all facets of daily living. Family, friends and associates of individuals with bipolar disorder are often affected as well. As a result of the stigma associated with the disorder, the effects remain: often multiplied by individuals that have a limited understandingRead MoreBipolar And Related Disorders : Symptoms And Treatment Of Bipolar Disorder1669 Words   |  7 PagesBipolar and related disorders are lifelong perplexing mental illnesses that are difficult to diagnose and treat. Bipolar illness is a chronic shifting of extreme euphoria (mania) and deep sadness or hopelessness (depressive) episodes, complicated by comorbidities and the potential for poor health outcomes. The occurrence of bipolar disorder (BD) throughout the adult population in the United States is reported to be approximately 5.7 million people each year, with a lifetime prevalence of 3.9 percentRead MoreBipolar Disorder, By Stephen Fry1327 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder This case study is about Stephen Fry, who suffers from bipolar disorder. Fry wanted to tell the world about bipolar disorder, how it affects the people who has to live with it and the people around them, and how it feels for him dealing with bipolar disorder. What I Learned Watching this case study taught me how people try to deal with having bipolar disorders and how it works or does not work. For me, it was shocking how much it takes for someone to be diagnosed with bipolarRead MoreThe Relationship Between Mental Illness And Violence1066 Words   |  5 Pagesor violent tendencies. This stigma tends to be particularly strong when applied to people with bipolar disorder, which very often is misunderstood by others. Topic #16 from the list of suggestions, asks two questions: are people who are diagnosed manic-depressive/bipolar often violent, and what effects did Jamison’s violent outward behavior have on her? This research reflection paper intends to answer these questions, by explaining the association between bipolar disorder and violence, as well as providingRead MoreMental Health Disorders And Its Effects On Children And Society1626 Words   |  7 PagesRelated issues Mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder and ADHD creates a burden on affected children and society at large. Commonly identified issues include financial impact on the family, effect of the illness on the child, social issues, occupational and academic functioning, racial impact, effects on family, stigma of the illness, suicide, economic burden on society, role of healthcare providers and cultural issues. Role of religion Whenever a child is diagnosed with a mental illnessRead MoreMental Illness And Psychiatric Disability Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesdisability, using bipolar disorder as an example to illustrate these points. Bipolar disorder will also be used to explain the concepts of the medical and social models of disability, highlight the influence these two models could have on people with the disorder and the experiences they might encounter. There will be a focus on some of the experiences a person suffering from mental illness might have in society, the effect these experiences can have on an individual and the influence of stigmas and stereotypesRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On Society1405 Words   |  6 Pagesnothing to be ashamed of, but stigma and bias shame us all.† Mental illness comes with multiple influences towards the daily life of an individual. On one hand, these individuals must try to manage the symptoms that arise with their disease. Mental health disord ers can affect the way individuals perform at their jobs, their social life, and even being able to live alone (Corrigan Penn, 1997). On the other hand, the way society tends to view mental illnesses leads to stigma and discrimination, unreasonablyRead MoreThe Social Discourse Of Bipolar Disorder1643 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscourse of bipolar disorder is often punctuated by the classic manic episodes manifesting as symptoms such as distractibility, pressured speech, decreased need for sleep, euphoric mood, grandiosity, and problems with impulse control [17]. These classic periods of high energy are often intertwined in a cyclical fashion with periods of depressive symptoms, much of the time meeting criteria for major depressive disorder, as well as periods with no symptoms [17]. The frequency by which a patient moves throughRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Nursing : Bipolar Disorders1348 Words   |  6 PagesDellisa Gordon Clinical Symposium April 27, 2016 Bipolar Disorder and Nursing The central focus of this paper will be Bipolar disorder and how it relates to nursing. Bipolar disorder can be classified into two sections: bipolar I and bipolar II. Bipolar I involves periods of potentially unprovoked mood swings from mania to depression (Joseph Goldberg, 2014). Bipolar II is a less harsh form of mood elevation, causing milder episodes of hypomania that may alternate with spurts of deep depressionRead MoreAbnormal Psychology: Bipolar Disorder1275 Words   |  6 PagesBipolar Disorder Mental illness has plagued human kind for as long as we have been on this earth. The science of psychology has made great strides in past century. The stigma of being mentally ill has begun to fall away and people are finally starting to get the help that they need to recover. Bipolar disorder is one illness that we have come to more fully understand. Through assistance from a psychiatrist, family and medication a patient with bipolar disorder can enter remission and

Captivity of Marine Mammals Free Essays

Captivity of Marine Mammals The concern that is being presented is that of whether we should allow marine parks to stay open has been extensively debated in our community of late. It is a significant issue due to the fact that it concerns deep-seated moral and economic questions about the utilization of our native wildlife. There have been an extensive range of different arguments being pushed to the forefront about this issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Captivity of Marine Mammals or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay, the arguments will be considered of that for having marine parks and point to some of the problems with these views. Afterward, reasons will be put forward for the introduction of regulations which disallow these uncalled for and malicious institutions to be in existence. It has been argued that dolphin parks provide the only prospect for much of the public to see marine mammals. It is argued that most Australians live in cities and by no means get to see these animals. The claim is that marine parks give the Australians the opportunity to truly appreciate our wildlife. However, dolphins, whales and seals can be viewed in the wild at numeral places on the coast of Australia. In fact, there are a lot more places where they can be seen in the wild compared to those in which they can be seen in captivity. Furthermore, most Australians would have to endure less travel to get to these locations than they would to get to the marine parks on the Gold Coast. Also, places where wild marine mammals are located do not charge an inflated entry fee; these places are free to the public. It is debated that we need marine parks for scientific research and the knowledge which is obtained, can be useful for planning for the conservation of marine mammal species. However, park research is only useful for understanding imprisoned animals and is not constructive for education about animals in their natural habitat. The biology of dolphins and whales varies under marine park conditions. This has an effect on their diet, life spans and they are also more prone to disease in this environment. Also, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and have their behavior modified, which means that their patterns of social behavior are changed. Therefore the research that is conducted at marine parks is commonly not dependable. It is the contention that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists, which goes on to emphasize that these tourists squander a lot of money, escalating our foreign exchange income and supplementing our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still be attracted to visit Australia whether these facilities were open or not. It is shown in numerous surveys conducted of overseas tourists show that they come here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like SeaWorld. Tourists come here to see our native wildlife in its natural habitat and not to see it imprisoned in cages and cement pools. They have the ability to see those types of things without leaving their own country. Furthermore; we should be more concerned with the promotion of our beautiful natural environment to tourists and not the ugly concrete marine park venues. The widespread uses of marine mammal parks are downright cruel. The situation in which dolphins and whales are kept in these parks are very small, cramped ponds, when in the wild they are used to roving elongated distances across the seas. Furthermore, the concrete walls of the pools create an interference with the animals’ sonar systems of communication. In addition, holding them captive in pools is a dreadful constraint of the freedom of fellow creatures that may have very elevated levels of intelligence and sophisticated language aptitude. Also, there are many acknowledged instances of marine mammals assisting humans who are in jeopardy at sea or helping fisherman with their work. The conclusion comes to the fact that these parks should be shut down, or at the very least, no new species should be captured for marine parks in the future. Our society is no longer prepared to put up with uncalled for brutality to animals for the sake of science and entertainment. If we carry on with our past crimes against these creatures we will forever be remembered as cruel and inhuman by the generations of the future. How to cite Captivity of Marine Mammals, Essay examples

Marketing and Sales for Educational Marketing mix †Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Marketing and Sales for Educational Marketing mix. Answer: 1: Organizations need to identify the customer opinion over the product or service offerings. It helps them to make required alterations within the offerings and ensure better customer satisfaction. As opined by Tarasi et al. (2013) to achieve this strategic goal the organizations can obtain a number of strategies, like, focus group sessions, questionnaire based survey and many more. However, depending on the product pattern and customers availability these strategies need to be selected. Here in this selected case, the author has to arrange a focus group discussion. However as opined by Myers (2013) for the successful completion of a focus group discussion, the research conductor needs to selected five to twelve respondents. Here, for this study, the author will invite 10 people for the discussion. It will help him/ her to organize and execute the discussion session with a very constructive and controlled way. A judgmental sampling method will be used to select the respondents. As opined by Eriksson and Kovalainen (2015) the respondents in this method will be selected as per the choice of the research conductor himself. Here, the author will choose few mothers, nutritionists, doctors and regular users of cereal products. They will come from the authors acquaintances. As mentioned by Bryman and Bell (2015) this particular method will reduce the potentiality of selecting inappropriate respondents and time consumption for the sampling of the respondents will be reduced significantly. The author will design a test to collect relevant data from the respondents. The respondents will be provided three samples for different brands among which one will b the authors own. Now the respondents will be asked to rate each of the products for some previously selected factors, like, taste, visual attractiveness, the after effect and others. For taste, there will be other categories, like, saltiness or sweetness. The respondents will be asked which product they have liked most and what is the exact factor that leads him/ her to this decision. As opined by Cina (2013) by identifying the competitors popular factor the organizations can alter the product offering for obtaining better customer satisfaction and increased market share. As opined by Zikmund et al. (2013) the research conductor needs to clarify the topic and objectives of the discussion in a focus group session. Here, the author will ask the respondents what are the qualities they like in the product. They will also be asked that, how they think the product will benefit the potential users. Moreover, a discussion will also be conducted over the expected qualities in a cereal product. As discussed by Fayolle and Lin (2014) collecting data regarding the customers; opinion and expectation helps the organizations to set its strategic goals for the coming future. The gathered data will be used to make the necessary changes in the quality and taste of the product. They organization will try to moving the product forward by making the necessary changes within itself. On the other hand, the collected data will also help the organization in focusing to the customers expectations from the product. It will help the organization to design the promotional strategies by highlighting the positive qualities of the product. Thus, it can be speculated that by the collected data the organization will be able to get a significant level of competitive advantage by ensuring a better market share than before. 2: a. The questionnaire for the customers Rationale: This study is being done with the aim of determining the satisfaction level of the customers with the service of this airline. The company will make necessary changes in its service offerings according to the customers opinion. This Instruction: Please fill in the questions provided bellow. Try to make it within one sentence. For the rating, the customers are requested to mention the number only. In the comments section the customers are requested to provide recommendations, specification of any other lines customer service example, which he/she loves, or any incident of this airlines service that made him/ her feel dissatisfied. The filled in forms will be collected from the customers respective seats. Name: Age: How frequent do you travel with this airline service: What is the major factors which makes to decide to travel with this airline service: What are the services you like in this airline: What are the services you think should be improved: From 0 to 10, what will be your rating to the overall service of this particular airline: What are the additional services you will love to have in this airlines: Comments: Figure 1: The questionnaire for the customers (Source: developed by the author) As opined by Weathington et al. (2012) it is important for the research conductor to find the respondents appropriately. It helps them to obtain the best relevant and research oriented information. Hence, for the successful completion of this particular project, the author will target the passengers of the airline service. For collecting most relevant data, the author will approach the most frequent users of this particular airline service. In addition to this, the passengers who have made long travels by obtaining the service of this airline will also be targeted. The logic behind selecting them is their extended experience with the airlines service. On the other hand, the author will also target the current customers (those who are travelling). the selected respondents will be contacted via telephone or email. Thereafter a prior permission will be taken from them (Bryman and Bell 2015). All the interested respondents will be sent an email with a questionnaire as an attachment. After seven days of the email, the respondents will be contacted again and the filled in forms will be collected from them via email. On the other hand, the flying customers will be asked for permission before disseminating the questionnaire among them. The interested customers will be provided the questionnaire half an hour before the landing. The filled in forms will be collected from their respective seats. with the questionnaire the author will try to know the services which the respondents find attractive and which made them dissatisfied. Moreover, the questionnaire will also make an effort to know which factor has made the lead to the decision of travelling with this particular airlines service. In addition to this, with the help of the questionnaire the author will make an idea about the customers level of satisfaction from this airlines service. the data or information collected from the customers will be used in determining the issues those are limiting the organization n obtaining the best customer satisfaction. Moreover, with the help of the data collected the organization will be able to determine the most attractive factor of the service and make it more attractive to the customers. As opined by Cina (2013) by identifying the customers opinion, the organizations will be able to obtain a huge level of competitive advantage. Thus, with the help of the collected data, the company will be able to determine its position in the competitive market in respect to its competitors and it will be able to uplift its position by serving the customers more effectively. 2 (Distribution Channels): Marketing mix can be identified as an integral part of the marketing plan of a company. As discussed by Mallen (2013) it comprises four main components- product, price, promotion and last but not the least, place. Customers are the key for a companys success in the market. Hence, as discussed by Rosenbloom (2012) by identifying the product pattern, the brands value and objectives and customers need the organizations need to develop their placing strategy. It is an important issue in the marketing strategy as it directly affects the relation between customer and the company. Hence, it can be identified that selecting the right place or distribution channel has a huge impact on the organizational profitability and brand value. Depending on the product pattern, the organizations need to select their distribution channel or place. By selecting the right distribution channel the organizations ensures the delivery of the offering to the right market. It is stupid to locate the outlet for a food offering in a deserted street. It will bring no customer to the shop. On the other hand, placing the product with the right distribution channel is also important in obtaining competitive advantage. As opined by Gaski (2013) it is a mistake for a company, to open an outlet, where the competitors have a loyal customer base. On the other hand, depending on the availability of the customers the organizations need to select its place. As mentioned by Sun et al. (2014) while selecting distribution channels like, retailers or whole sellers, the companies need to make a review of the market, product detail and the financial stability of the organization. As mentioned by West et al. (2015) the markets which are geographically hard to reach it is best to select the wholesalers to reach the customers. On the other hand, in modern world of business, the web interface can be identified as the best channel to reach the customers. However, it also depends on some variables like product pattern, customer availability in internet etc. hence, it can be speculated from this above discussion that place is the major source of satisfying the customers at the right moment with the exact service. This particular quality makes this component the most important one in the marketing mix. A number of empirical instances can support this above discussion and the argument of the place being the most important part of the marketing mix. A number of companies have provided concentration in choosing the place with significant care. It has helped them to reach their product or service to the exact target customers. In the case of Amazon.com, it can be said that the company has rightly identified the new trend of e-commerce and established the whole set up of supply chain through the online interface (Amazon.com, 2016). As discussed by Rosenbloom (2012) the idea place largely depends on the concept of customers convenience in getting the product or service. The main objective of it is to make products available in the right place at the right time in the right quantities. On the other hand, in the case of McDonalds, they largely depend on the outlets (Aboutmcdonalds.com 2016). As opined by Gaski (2013) to reach and address the customer needs the organizations need to focus on their place selection. Being a company of fast food offerings, McDonalds know that they have to be available in physical stores for instant supply. In addition, their Drive in and drive through options has made their products more well-located to the customers (Aboutmcdonalds.com 2016). On the other hand, Johnson Johnson has found it unnecessary to opt for a retail outlet to reach the target customers. Their product offering easily comes under the consumer and medical product line. Hence, they have chosen to the distribution channels of wholesalers as well as the retailers. Some popular names are Wholesale.com, ShopatHome.com or WalMart, Target and many others (Jnj.com 2016). It has helped them to address a huge range of customers without a physical outlet. Moreover, it has also helped the organization to reach to the pocket markets. Thus, by choosing the right places for the product the companys can cut down the operational and distributional cost and increase the profit level. Hence, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that selecting the right place has significant importance in a companys profitability and future sustainability. The success of the other components of marketing mix thus typically depends on place. 3 (Market Segmentation): As discussed by Wedel and Kamakura (2012) while opting for a new product line, it is important for the companies to identify the target customers. By identifying the most feasible market, its need and the company objectives, the organizations needs to develop the product accordingly. It helps them to acquire the best profit margin. As mentioned by Nacar and Uray (2016) the market segmentation of a company depends on the four key components- demography, geography, psychograph and the product benefit. Here, the author has presented a market segmentation for the new product line of cell phones. 1: The different market segmentation: For the selected product, the market can be divided in various segments: Demographic: Age: Both the youth and the elderly population will be targeted. The company will target mostly the age group of 13 to 70 years. Gender: both the male and females will be the target customer group of the new product line. Income: the middle and the upper middle-income group will be targeted. Geographic: Geographic location: The urban customers of the producing country will be targeted. Psychographic: The users: both the tech savvy and technophobes will be targeted. Personality: both the extroverts and the introverts will be benefited. Benefits: It will provide good battery backup, which will be a preferable choice for the professionals. Moreover, the increased in built memory and latest software will also attract customers. Figure 2: Market segmentation for the new cell phone product line Source: Developed by the author 2: The mainstream and niche segment: Here, in the selected case, the students and youths can be identified as the most promising or the main stream customers. As they are the lovers of new technologies and they used to keep replacing their phones with the new models available in the market. Moreover, the company is opting for targeting the middle and the upper middle-income group of customers. As opined by Cross et al. (2015) it will provide the company a better level of market success by collecting more demand. In addition to this, the selected market of urban population will be the mainstream customers. With the increased level of disposable income, the urban customers are ready to spend a significant margin of income in these lifestyle goods. As discussed by Chernenko and Sunderam (2012) by concentrating on the mainstream customers demands and needs the organization can obtain a better level of customer success. Hence, the product will mostly be engineered according to the traits of these customers. On the other hand, as mentioned by Zickuhr and Madden (2012) the elderly customers generally are not so much tech savvy. They like to use the phones, which are simple to operate, and effectively serves the basic requirements. Hence, they cannot be identified as the mainstream customers though they will constitute a fair segment of market share. As mentioned by Sharma, A. and Lambert, D.M., (2013) the devises, which are too much complicated and needs extra knowledge to handle, do not get popularity among the aged customers. Hence, the company will not treat this segment as the mainstream customers. Moreover, even the professionals are the heavy buyers; the company does not treat this segment as the mainstream customers. As argued by Szolnoki and Hoffmann (2014) even though the heavy users are the extensive users of the products, it is hard to the companies to switch their loyalty. Moreover, as mentioned by Nacar and Uray (2016) this particular segment is price sensitive. Hence, to obt ain this market, the organization needs to launch the product will vary low price level. 3: The target customer analysis template: Customers Traits Students and youth Technology lovers The early buyers of the product (McDonald 2012) Medium income group Highly Price sensitive Constitute the largest market share Aged customers The technophobes Any income group Moderately price sensitive Constitute the a moderate market share The professionals The heavy users Prefer new and useful technologies Moderately price sensitive Constitute the a moderate market share The urban customers The heavy users Constitute the largest market share The extroverts Technology lovers Less price sensitive The introverts Can both be tech savvies or technophobes Price sensitivity is not known Figure 3: The target customer analysis template Source: Developed by the author 4: The product offering for a specific target customer segment: Here, in the selected case, the youth and the students can be the most potential target customers of the company. They love to use the new technologies and share the largest market. Hence, the company will try to put the following traits into the new product line of cell phones: It will be a smart phone, which will possess the latest software. The pricing strategy will be penetrative. It will help them to buy it in cheaper price in the initial days of its launch. The inbuilt memory will be more than the products of the close competitors close competitors. The quality of sound will be better than the sound quality of the products of the close competitors. The product will include some inbuilt social media apps to impress this particular segment. The product will come with different color variations. Some free tools will be available with the products like headphones, wireless chargers, screen guards and others. The phone will include some in built gaming options to attract the new age customers. The phone will include in built front as well as rear camera with a significantly strong megapixel count. Moreover, it will include a latest photo editing applications. As discussed by Anderson and Xie (2014) the new age customers love to experiment with latest technologies. It propels the organizations to develop their products by using the latest available technology. Hence, with the above stated specifications the organization will try to attract them. 4 (Marketing Plan): While launching a product in a certain market, it is important for the organizations to rightly manage a marketing plan with the help of a market mix. As opined by Kotler et al. (2015) the marketing mix includes identifying the product, selecting the distribution channel, setting the promotional strategies and specifying the pricing patterns. Here, in the selected case, the author has provided a well- structured micro marketing plan for a company that is offering management training to the students. Product: It will be a management training course for the eligible learners. The course will include four different but cohesive sub- sections. The service will be branded later. It will be a high quality management training sessions for the professionals as well as the regular students. The four parts can separately be studied or an all inclusive lesson service will also be available according to the needs of the students. It will be an e- learning session for the students. The teachers will be of the professionals with credible certificates from renowned universities. After the completion of the training session, the students will be put to an exam. It will also be an online-based exam. Finally, after the completion of the course, the students will be certified. As discussed in the provided case study, the four different lessons of the training have been developed by conducting an extensive market research. Hence, the curriculum provided by the company does not have the limitations of the courses provided by the competitors. Thus, it can be claimed this particular quality provides an extensive level of product differentiation to the service. Price: As discussed by Chaston (2015) price is one of the major factors in the marketing mix. This component includes a number of pricing strategies. Depending on the market situation, product pattern and the competitors status, the organizations need to set their pricing strategy. As described by Kotler et al. (2015) price is one of the major components those shape the customers buying decisions. As mentioned by Alipour et al. (2012) the market which has an extensive competition, the organizations needs to follow a competitive pricing strategy. Here, in the selected market, a number of companies are offering such courses. Hence, it would be best for the organization to opt for a competitive pricing strategy. Here, in the selected case, the company also had an option of following a penetrative pricing strategy. However, the nature of the service offered by this selected organization will be detrimental to this particular strategy. As opined by Shah (2013) in a certain empirical cases, it have been noted that the pricing creates a sense of value among the customers. If the organization opts for a penetration pricing for a management-training course, they potential buyers may identify the service as an inferior one. On the other hand, the pricing strategy will include discount for the students who are not working in any organization. It will help the company to gather more students from this community. To follow this strategy, the organization needs to make a market research to collect information regarding the pricing of the competitors. Figure 4: Marketing plan with a marketing mix Source: Developed by the author Place: The organization will opt for an online interface for disseminating the selected four courses. As opined by Singh (2012) with the emergence of the online distribution channels, the companies have a got a wider option of serving the customers. In this selected case, the organization is going to offer a management-training course. The students who are the officials of various companies mainly opt for such courses. Moreover, regular students are also there. Hence, if the company can manage to serve the students via online distribution channels it will help the company to obtain a huge number of client base and customer satisfactions (Singh 2012). To implement this strategy, the organization will need to launch a portal. The registered students will be provided personal IDs and respective passwords (Meraj et al. 2016). The portals will consist of an operational tutorial and an online help desk to clarify any query from the students end. Moreover, the organization will need to maintain a support team for successful implementation of this strategy. At the online interface, the organization will provide an online help desk. However, for further queries the students can come to the head office situated in New Work. For the distant learners the organization will also offer video conferencing. As discussed by Mallen (2013) the online interface can be identified as the future of the service industry. By identifying this trend of online preference and with the aim of providing the best level of customer satisfaction, the organization has chosen web based interface as its distribution channel. Promotion: As discussed by Huang and Sarigll (2014) the strategy of promotion can be identified as a channel of communication between the consumers and the company. Hence, it is important for the organizations to pragmatically choose the promotional strategies to uphold the brand name among the customers. Direct advertisement campaign: Direct advertisement can also be followed by the organization. As opined by Meraj et al. (2016) for direct advertisement the organizations need to identify the appropriate advertising channels to address the target customers. Here, the organization can opt for disseminating brochures to the schools and colleges regarding the service offering to the students. Moreover, the organization can opt for the social media advertisement. By collaborating with Facebook, Tweeter, LinkedIn and other social or professional media platform the organization can create brand awareness. Public relation: By endorsing the underprivileged children for in their educational efforts, the organization can also opt for the strategy of public relation. As discussed by Khan (2014) public relation often helps the organization in creating brand value. In this particular context, the organization can uplift the brand name by following this strategy. Moreover, it can be speculated that the potential will love to engage with such a brand which have a positive market recognition. Celebrity endorsement: As discussed by Huang and Sarigll (2014) for obtaining a significant level of competitive advantage, the organizations can opt for the strategy of celebrity endorsement. Moreover, in a competitive market, by obtaining this strategy, the organization can ensure customer faith. To execute this strategy with success, the organization needs to launch a celebrity managerial professional as the brand ambassador. Here, the organization can chose the managerial heads of various companies who are popular among the new generation. References: Aboutmcdonalds.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.aboutmcdonalds.com [Accessed 1 Sep. 2016]. Alipour, M., Aghamohammadi, A., Ahmadi, R. and Hoseini, S.H., 2012. A new educational marketing mix: The 6ps for private school marketing in Iran.Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology,4(21), pp.4314-4319. Amazon.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.amazon.com [Accessed 1 Sep. 2016]. Anderson, C.K. and Xie, X., 2014. Pricing and market segmentation using opaque selling mechanisms.European Journal of Operational Research,233(1), pp.263-272. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Chaston, I., 2015. Marketing Mix. InInternet Marketing and Big Data Exploitation(pp. 116-133). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Chernenko, S. and Sunderam, A., 2012. The real consequences of market segmentation.Review of Financial Studies,25(7), pp.2041-2069. Cina, C., 2013. Creating an effective customer satisfaction program.Journal of Consumer Marketing. Cross, J.C., Belich, T.J. and Rudelius, W., 2015. How marketing managers use market segmentation: an exploratory study. InProceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 531-536). Springer International Publishing. Eriksson, P. and Kovalainen, A., 2015.Qualitative Methods in Business Research: A Practical Guide to Social Research. Sage. Fayolle, A. and Lin, F., 2014. The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions.Journal of Business Research,67(5), pp.663-666. Gaski, J.F., 2013. Distribution channels: a validation study.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. Huang, R. and Sarigll, E., 2014. How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. InFashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors(pp. 113-132). Springer New York. Jnj.com. (2016).Johnson Johnson Family of Companies | Johnson Johnson. [online] Available at: https://www.jnj.com [Accessed 1 Sep. 2016]. Khan, M.T., 2014. The concept of'marketing mix'and its elements (a conceptual review paper).International Journal of Information, Business and Management,6(2), p.95. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L. and Armstrong, G., 2015.Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Mallen, B., 2013. Selecting channels of distribution: a multi stage process.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. McDonald, M., 2012.Market Segmentation. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Meraj, M.A., Fernandes, C.J. and Ross, K.J., 2016. Applying marketing mix constructs in higher education: the case of an MBA program in the UAE.International Journal of Business and Globalisation,16(2), pp.149-170. Myers, M.D., 2013.Qualitative research in business and management. Sage. Nacar, R. and Uray, N., 2016. The Challenge of International Market Segmentation in Emerging Markets.Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy, p.42. Rosenbloom, B., 2012.Marketing channels. Cengage Learning. Shah, R.B., 2013. Impact of Marketing Mix Elements on Customer Loyalty: A Study of Fast Food Industry.Prestige International Journal of Management and Research,6(2/1), p.54. Sharma, A. and Lambert, D.M., 2013. Segmentation of markets based on customer service.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. Singh, M., 2012. Marketing Mix of 4PS for Competitive Advantage.IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSRJBM),3(6), pp.40-45. Sun, L., Gmez, M.I., Chaddad, F.R. and Ross, R.B., 2014. Distribution channel choices of wineries in emerging cool climate regions.Agricultural and Resource Economics Review,43(1), pp.87-103. Szolnoki, G. and Hoffmann, D., 2014. Consumer segmentation based on usage of sales channels in the German wine market.International Journal of Wine Business Research,26(1), pp.27-44. Tarasi, C.O., Bolton, R.N., Gustafsson, A. and Walker, B.A., 2013. Relationship characteristics and cash flow variability implications for satisfaction, loyalty, and customer portfolio management.Journal of Service Research,16(2), pp.121-137. Weathington, B.L., Cunningham, C.J. and Pittenger, D.J., 2012.Understanding business research. John Wiley Sons. Wedel, M. and Kamakura, W.A., 2012.Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations(Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media. West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press. Zickuhr, K. and Madden, M., 2012. Older adults and internet use.Pew Internet American Life Project,6. Zikmund, W.G., Babin, B.J., Carr, J.C. and Griffin, M., 2013.Business research methods. Cengage Learning.

Sop Ms free essay sample

Circuits that occupy greater areas can now be put into a small space few millimeters across. This has opened up a big opportunity to do things that were not possible before. I am fascinated by the advancement in the world of computers and the dramatic proliferation of tools that can be used to design circuits. Pursuing research in this area would prove to be personally and professionally fulfilling, as it fits in perfectly with my career objective. In my undergraduate studies, I have benefited from various subjects like electronic devices, communication systems, control systems, digital signal processing,microprocessor systems, digital systems, linear integrated circuits, computer architecture and microcontrollers, Introduction to VLSI design , and othersub-areas of electrical and computer engineering. The lab classes have provided me an understanding of the concepts to a certain extent. I would further like to improve and add to my knowledge. In the final year of my undergraduate study I teamed up with 2 people and devised a project based on image processing â€Å"EARLY DETECTION OF EXUDATES IN FUNDUS IMAGE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY† which gave me an insight to various image processing techniques. We will write a custom essay sample on Sop Ms or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We implemented this as a real time project by getting eye samples from the hospitals. Diabetic Retinopathy is the cause for blindness in human beings. This project involved two steps: exudates detection and extraction. The original fundus image is subjected to contrast limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization. Then Exudates detection is done using binary imaging enhanced MDD(Minimum Distance Discriminant) classifiers and the methods are compared. We implemented the algorithm using Matlab and it was tested with Standard Diabetic Retinopathy Database (diaretdb0). Working on a challenging project like this gave me profundity in the subject. While pursuing my undergraduate studies I was a member of IETE(The institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers) student’s forum. Our college selected 25 members from our college to be a part of this and I was one among them. I underwent a lot of training and implemented lot of mini projects. Here I designed a low cost fire alarm using Transistor BC177 as the fire sensor. I designed the circuit as that when there is a increase in temperature the leakage current of the transistor also increase. I was quite successful in implementing it. I also presented a paper on â€Å"MICROCONTROLLER IT’S APPLICATIONS† in my college symposium based on the concepts I learnt from this forum. In this presenatation I explained how Microcontroller is extensively used for Communication purpose and Instrumentation. I believe that one of my strength lies in the way I communicate and deal with people. This quality helped me in organizing the college symposium â€Å"SAANKETHIKA 09† which was a huge success. I actively participated in my department association â€Å"ZAVANA† where I helped in conducting a lot of seminars and debates. I feel this quality of mine will be of great use if I get selected in your esteemed university. I firmly believe that there is a lot of scope for electronics based applications in a developing nation like India. My long-term goal involves in setting up an entrepreneurial establishment at home. For this purpose, I would like to sharpen my skills in a knowledge hub like the USA. Before pursuing my MS I’m planning to undergo training in Electrical designs to further enhance my knowledge in the Electrical field. I strongly feel that this training will help me a lot if I get a chance to do MS in Elecrical Engineering. After an MS degree in Electrical Engineering, I intend to follow this with a Ph. D. As I’m interested in doing lot of research activities based on electrical circuits in the future, I feel that thorough knowledge in electrical concepts will help me in achieving my goal. My choice of your university is backed by the prestige it carries. It would also help me achieve my long-term intellectual aspirations and goals. This apostle of learning is where I aspire to be to acquire training and knowledge to fulfill my ambitions, and at the same time I am confident of contributing meaningfully to the programs offered at your institution. It is with this in mind that I am looking forward to a long and rewarding relationship with you. I hope my credentials merit consideration for admission to your MS program in Electrical engineering at your esteemed university. xxx

Free Essays on St. Augustines Belifs

St Augustine had similar beliefs as Plato. For example â€Å"In the beginning was the word and the word was with God and the word was God: the same was the beginning with God; all things were made by Him and without him was made nothing that was made; in Him was life and the life was the light of men, and the light shines in darkness and the darkness did not comprehend it.†(p.116/IX) What he is saying here is expressed in a metamorphic way. The light is God and, the truth, all his teachings and everything that he had created. It projected itself on the darkness which is the humans, everyday people. Augustine states that â€Å"one must believe in order to understand.† He states that god must give one faith. This gift from God which is grace, determines if one believes or not. To understand one must have faith in God. When they have faith in God they will then be able to open their minds and begin to understand his teachings. â€Å"Again I found in them that the word, G od was born not of flesh nor blood, nor of the evil of man nor of the will of the flesh, but of God, but I did not find that the word became flesh.†(p116/IX) What he is saying here was that the word came not from these places but from God himself and it will not become flesh until it is loved and believed. Until we believe we will not understand. Once we believe an understanding will begin to bloom. He says we should hid these teachings from the wise and share them with the young. Meek and humble of hearts shall absorb his teachings and learn to forgive sins and love one another and find peace. While those who wear high boots shall not learn his ways and will remain ignorant to his teachings and carry a foolish heart. We must have faith in order to understand God and reach a state of grace. There are some things in the world that we might think as evil. They might be stormy winds, tornadoes, or flash floods. We see them as evil because they do not fit in with our ways of l... Free Essays on St. Augustine's Belifs Free Essays on St. Augustine's Belifs St Augustine had similar beliefs as Plato. For example â€Å"In the beginning was the word and the word was with God and the word was God: the same was the beginning with God; all things were made by Him and without him was made nothing that was made; in Him was life and the life was the light of men, and the light shines in darkness and the darkness did not comprehend it.†(p.116/IX) What he is saying here is expressed in a metamorphic way. The light is God and, the truth, all his teachings and everything that he had created. It projected itself on the darkness which is the humans, everyday people. Augustine states that â€Å"one must believe in order to understand.† He states that god must give one faith. This gift from God which is grace, determines if one believes or not. To understand one must have faith in God. When they have faith in God they will then be able to open their minds and begin to understand his teachings. â€Å"Again I found in them that the word, G od was born not of flesh nor blood, nor of the evil of man nor of the will of the flesh, but of God, but I did not find that the word became flesh.†(p116/IX) What he is saying here was that the word came not from these places but from God himself and it will not become flesh until it is loved and believed. Until we believe we will not understand. Once we believe an understanding will begin to bloom. He says we should hid these teachings from the wise and share them with the young. Meek and humble of hearts shall absorb his teachings and learn to forgive sins and love one another and find peace. While those who wear high boots shall not learn his ways and will remain ignorant to his teachings and carry a foolish heart. We must have faith in order to understand God and reach a state of grace. There are some things in the world that we might think as evil. They might be stormy winds, tornadoes, or flash floods. We see them as evil because they do not fit in with our ways of l...

Presidential Retirement Benefits

Presidential Retirement Benefits Presidential retirement benefits were non-existent until the enactment of the Former Presidents Act (FPA) in 1958. Since then, presidential retirement benefits have included a lifetime annual pension, staff and office allowances, travel expenses, Secret Service protection, and more. The FPA was inspired by former President Harry Trumans life of modest means after leaving office. Though Truman lived well more than a decade after the acts passage, it didnt apply him. Former President Dwight D. Eisenhower became its first beneficiary. Pension Former presidents are offered a taxable lifetime pension equal to the annual rate of basic pay for the heads of executive branch departments, like the Cabinet Secretaries. This amount is set annually by Congress and is currently  $210,700  per year. The pension starts the minute the president officially leaves office at noon on Inauguration Day. Widows of former presidents are provided with a $20,000 annual lifetime pension and mailing privileges  unless they choose to waive their right to the pension. In 1974, the Justice Department ruled that presidents who resign from office before their official terms of office expire are entitled to the same lifetime pension and benefits extended to other former presidents. However, presidents who are removed from office due to impeachment forfeit all benefits. Transition Expenses For the first seven months, beginning one month before the January 20 inauguration, former presidents get transition funding to help them transition back into private life. Granted under the Presidential Transition Act, the funds can be used for office space, staff compensation, communications services, and printing and postage associated with the transition. The amount provided is determined by Congress. Staff and Office Allowances Six months after a president leaves office, they get funds for an office staff. During the first 30 months after leaving office, the former president gets a maximum of $150,000 per year for this purpose. Thereafter, the Former Presidents Act stipulates that the aggregate rates of staff compensation for a former president cannot exceed $96,000 annually. Any additional staff costs must be paid for personally by the former president. Former presidents are compensated for office space and office supplies at any location in the United States. Funds for former presidents office space and equipment are authorized annually by Congress as part of the budget for the General Services Administration (GSA). Travel Expenses Under a law enacted in 1968, the GSA makes funds available to former presidents and no more than two of their staff members for travel and related expenses. To be compensated, the travel must be related to the former presidents status as an official representative of the United States government. Travel for pleasure is not compensated. The GSA determines all appropriate costs for travel. Secret Service Protection With the enactment of the Former Presidents Protection Act of 2012 (H.R. 6620), on Jan. 10, 2013, former presidents and their spouses receive Secret Service protection for their lifetimes. Under the Act, protection for the spouses of former presidents terminates in the event of remarriage. Children of former presidents receive protection until they reach age 16. The Former Presidents Protection Act of 2012 reversed a law enacted in 1994 that terminated Secret Service protection for former presidents 10 years after they left office. Richard Nixon is the only former president to have given up his Secret Service protection. He did so in 1985 and paid for his own security, saying his reason was to save the government money. (The savings were estimated to be about $3 million a year.) Medical Expenses Former presidents and their spouses, widows, and minor children are entitled to treatment in military hospitals. Former presidents and their dependents also have the option of enrolling in private health insurance plans at their own expense. State Funerals Former presidents are traditionally granted state funerals with military honors. Details of the funeral are based on the wishes of the former presidents family. Failed Attempt to Cut Retirement In April 2015, Congress passed a bill titled The Presidential Allowance Modernization Act, which would have capped the pensions of all former and future former presidents at $200,000 and removed the current provision in the Former Presidents Act linking presidential pensions to the annual salaries of cabinet secretaries. The bill would have also reduced the other allowances paid to former presidents. Annual pensions and allowances would have been limited to a total of no more than $400,000. But on July 22, 2016, President Barack Obama vetoed the bill stating it â€Å"would impose onerous and unreasonable burdens on the offices of former presidents.† In a press release, the White House added that Obama also objected to provisions of the bill that would â€Å"immediately terminate salaries and all benefits to staffers carrying out the official duties of former presidents- leaving no time or mechanism for them to transition to another payroll.†Ã¢â‚¬â€¹

Corning Incorporated Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Corning Incorporated - Research Paper Example The optical-fiber system enabled the easy transmission of data and voice over extremely wide distances, or billions of kilometers around the globe (Hecht, 1999). The optical-fiber technology was used by telecommunication companies and systems in different parts of the world. It was evolved to support mobile technology and the transmission of satellite information, data and voice messages throughout the world. With time, Corning became a global leader in the production of optical-fiber materials around the world. They became the pioneering entity from 1984 to 2000 where their revenue rose from $100 million to $900 million in the year 2000 (Miller, 2011 p1). However, the telecom bubble burst caused other forms of communication to take over from the fiber-optic technology that Corning had a monopoly over (Matthews, 2002 p445). This led to the quick decline of profits in Corning because they had invested a lot of their capital into controlling the fiber-optic market that they had a full grip on. This led to the decline of the company. There was the need for a quick turnaround in the company and its operations. This paper analyzes Corning as a business entity. The paper will undertake a critical analysis of the organizational systems, strategic patterns and important elements of the organizational structure. This will be discussed in conjunction with the company's history, the 21st Century turnaround and current trends of the company. Organizational Summary (WWR) From its stable growth of about $70 million in turnover each year from the mid-1980s to year 2000, the company now makes higher profits above the $900 million level they reached in 2000 before dipping into a decline. According to Corning, (2012), there has been a tremendously increased volume of trade and revenue. Annual sales for 2011 was $7.9 billion. This shows that a lot has changed in the company to merit such high levels of revenues. The sales figure of $7.9 billion represent 19% increase from the $6. 6 billion earned in 2010. Sales volume increased by 7%. This shows that there is a strategy that is supporting the growth and evolution of the company. Earnings per share was $1.77 in 2011. Although this was lower than the increase that was made in 2010, the company again shows that it is increasing investor wealth and this presents a strong case that justifies the fact that it is a growing company. Aside this, the company had free cash flow of $544 million. This implies that they have enough cash in their possessions to finance working capital and other needs that can support it to expand and meet its future objectives and obligations. These indicators announces to the world that Corning is making a lot of improvement in its operations and financial position. The company has had an incredible turnaround that makes it a major player in the global electronic industry. On further analysis of the 2011 financial statements, the information given by Flaws, a Board Member and Chief Financ ial Officer of the company indicates that there are some important themes that define Corning's current strategy and long-term vision. Growth The company is now focusing on growth. This is based on its vision to capture a larger market share. In order to attain this end, it aims at expanding its asset base. This is being done through mergers, acquisitions and other international

Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Entrepreneurship - Essay Example se, successful entrepreneurs are those who think creatively to find and seize hidden business opportunities by innovating the products or services and by utilizing the latest technology and human capital. This piece of research presents an understanding of the underlying principles and foundations of entrepreneurship. This paper describes the entrepreneurial functions with a view to apply with the empirical studies about the entrepreneurial efforts carried out by one of the most renowned entrepreneur, Steve Jobs, the ex CEO of Apple Inc. By analyzing various literatures about entrepreneurship, Kuratko and Hodgetts (2008, p. 5) developed an integrated definition to acknowledge critical factors included needed for entrepreneurship. According to them, entrepreneurship is a dynamic process of vision, change and creation, requiring energy application and passion towards the creation and implementation of new ideas and creative solutions. An entrepreneur is one who undertakes to organize, assume and manage the risks associated with a business organization. He is a visionary who can successfully implement change by managing resistance or other obstacles and a creator of something new. Joseph A Schumpeter, the father of entrepreneurship, viewed that entrepreneur is an innovator (Carsrud and Brannback , 2007, p. 7). According to him, he is one who finds and take an opportunity to seize it and to create a new product or service or its new variance and thus create a new marketable contribution to the economy (McDaniel, 2002, p. 57). He asserted that entrepreneurship is essentially a creative activity consisting of doing such things as are generally not done in ordinary course of business (Milonakis and Fine, 2008, p. 212). Steve Jobs, the co-founder of Apple with Steve Wozniak, is a legend in the world of technology and the main brain-force behind world’s renowned brands such as Macintosh, iPad and iPod. Steve Jobs pioneered the personal computer industry by changing the

Declining Fish Stock Essay Example for Free

Declining Fish Stock Essay The Problem: Seeing the video on Declining Fish Stock VLR, expose the challenges between fishermen and environmental concerns. This video shows how fishing fleets have depleted the oceans of almost 90% of its big fish; therefore, claiming the ocean is not as resilient as it once was. The majority of the largest fish have already been pulled from the oceans, leaving only 10% of its remaining fish for Commercial fishermen to make a living. Most fishing fleets today are two to three times larger than they need to be to catch large fish and other seafood. Because of commercial fishing many fish are not able to reproduce fast enough to maintain their species. A manageable and sustainable plan will need to be implemented to avert these fish from completely disappearing from the oceans. The plan will need to be a partnership between fishermen, communities, governments, and environmentalists. Overfishing has considerably exhausted certain species in the ocean and they are now extinct. To think we can continue to hunt fish, with no major regulations or limits to feed billions of people is extreme. Since biodiversity do continue to decline, the aquatic surroundings will not be able to maintain our human consumption for seafood. This situation can still be reversible by working together with some basic ground rules. Because of the current conditions and the magnitude of the problem, replenishing the ocean may take a decade or perhaps even centuries to restore. In spite of everything there is a way we can have a healthy and productive oceans again. However, we do need to act now before the big fish are too far depleted to make a comeback. Action Plan: for environmentalists Forristall (2008) a study authored by scientists from the University of California at Santa Barbara and the University of Hawaii and published in the journal Science last month shows â€Å"catch share management systems† can reverse declining fish stocks. Catch share management systems allow fishermen to own quotas of the total allowable catch so they have a direct financial stake in the fishery. The shares can be sold and bought between fishermen, and as the fishery recovers, shares grow in value. Order of Action As a community it is imperative to stay informed. Knowledge is powerful and through education we learn that overfishing cannot continue. â€Å" Fish account for approximately one fifth of all animal protein in the human diet, and around one billion people rely on fish as their primary protein source†(2005). A global problem is a community problem, and it is important for people to realize as they consume these species and they are being depleted. There are several things that can be done to alert the public: Study journals, such as the Good Fish guides for more information; spread the word by speaking to friends and explain why eating certain fish is not a good idea; discuss the overfishing problem and suggest a quota for fishermen; do not hesitate to let elected officials know that there is a concern; and be motivated enough to write a letter to the editor of local newspapers in order to get a wide audience of concerned people. An illustration of another way to carry on the supply of fish for human enjoyment is Aquaculture or fish farms. These farms help in producing offspring’s for the depleted fish before they become extinct. Since the farming of ocean, freshwater plants, and animals for human consumption produces wastes that pollutes marine life and harm the ocean water the farms would to best away from the coastline. Aquaculture or fish farms permit the request for certain fish to be available while allowing the identical fish to replenish in the ocean. It would be good if we could change our thought pattern on fishing and compare fish farming with reduced sea fishing quotas and secluded aquatic life areas because most of our oceans are not protected. The reality is, through aquaculture we could replenish the oceans. Action Steps: Identify and research the results of overfishing. Check journals and different Web sites. Document all information on Aquaculture. In the next 1-3 months develop a presentation of why overfishing is so important and the program that will be needed to be in place. Within four months there will be a schedule for an appearance with one of the leaders in the community. Community awareness is essential to convince government why a program would be needed to replenish the fish. Overfishing is a subject that is documented by commercial fisherman, scientists, environmentalists, and governments. Worldwide we all want to sustain fish species at maintainable levels. Being able to come to an agreement with a manageable and sustainable plan is imperative to avoid further destruction to the ocean or its living creatures. This plan presents solutions that benefit the declining fish stock, commercial fisherman, the community, and environmentalist, and will not be a significant blow to the fishermen’s income, or government resource.

Reynolds Price’s The Great Imagination Heist :: Great Imagination Heist

Reynolds Price’s â€Å"The Great Imagination Heist† discusses how television has corrupted the imaginations of today’s American youth. The idea behind the word â€Å"heist† suits the title and story well; however, I disagree with his idea that television and video games have stolen youthful imaginations. Has anyone ever thought about the people who produce video games and television shows? In all fairness, those who have made these forms of entertainment have far greater imaginations than those who disapprove of their purpose. Producers have indeed captured the minds of America’s youth and allowed children to exercise their imaginations in fantasy worlds. They do not intend to deprive children of their personal imaginations, but the intention is to expand their minds beyond what they see everyday, and beyond the common feelings they encounter in life by making them into something abnormal to the world even though what children believe is not and may never be real. Imagination does not always involve dealing with realistic feelings or reading books and having to understand ideas in an intellectual way. Imagination does not need to be taken seriously; intelligence, on the other hand, should be taken seriously. Giving a child a book will test his reading and literacy skills. Putting a child in front of a 20/20 broadcast will confuse him. Reading books are meant for learning, not to expand one’s imagination. Children are not supposed to believe that television and video games are bad for them when this addictive hobby only makes them happy. It is only an excessive amount of television entertainment that will truly damage a child’s intellect. Adults, however, understand both how to read and the difference between reality and fantasy worlds and the effects television has on their intelligence. The truth is that television and video games are a part of this generation and they will not disappear soon.

‘Social-Class and the Link with Employability’

MM33920 – Management Research Methods Assignment 1 Select a research topic of your interest and explain relevance of the selected topic. Clearly define how it will benefit the industry and/or society. Also provide literature review. Robert Sumnall Aberystwyth University Tel: +447581448829 Aber E-Mail: ros27 Research Area: ‘Employability’ Research Topic: ‘Social-Class and the link with Employability’ General Research Question: ‘Is a Graduates Socio-economic background a determinant on their employability? Throughout this assignment I will be writing about my proposed research model in three sections. The first section will be the relevance of my selected topic of research; this will be written to give the reader a clearer understanding of what the research will consist of, as well as the reasoning behind doing it. The second section of my assignment I will clearly define how it will benefit the industry/society, by doing so it will help explain w hat my research can bring to the table, in terms of coming to a resolution or developing upon already existing resolutions.The final section of my assignment will be a literature review. The ideology behind a literature review is a means of reviewing the main ideas and points already known about the research relating to my area of interest, it also shows that I have a deepened understanding of the current literature and I am competent in the subject area. (Alan Bryman, 2011) 1) Explain relevance of Selected Topic So why choose employability and social class? What relevance does this topic have?To start with, being a under-graduate myself who has a genuine interest in this topic simply due to growing up in what I would consider a ‘middle class’ family, there were also those around me who had life harder financially, or could be considered a lower class family. I always remember they struggled with certain areas of schooling and my thought process has now led me to be cur ious about whether those backgrounds can affect employability as a graduate.Before I go in to commenting on why this research will be beneficial for my chosen area, let us first dissect the topic. As stated in the prior paragraph, my topic is focusing on Employability and Social class. The topic itself has a variance of sub-topics and questions that can stem from it, as social-class stretches across a lot of issues, and employability stretching even further.Some examples of sub-topics could be employability for international graduate students and their financial backgrounds, what top level CEO’s socio-economic background was like, and then stretching into more in-depth thought processes such as do school children who had free school meals show a correlation between employability and their peers who were without free meals, later on in their life.That last sub-topic has been considered from TeachFirst’s application handbook which had statistical data to show that  "Just 16% of pupils eligible for free school meals make it to university, compared to 96% from independent schools† (TeachFirst, 2013). Exclusive of the relevance to me personally, the relevance also stretches to my academic subject of study: Business & Management, the main reason being that because a keen eye for efficient ‘Employability’ in a person is one of the most crucial skills a business manager can have sometimes (Employing the correct employees for the job). Andrews. J, Higson. H, 2008) (McQuaid, R. W. , & Lindsay, C. 2005) those two articles develop their research and text on the fundamentals of employability and its relevance to success, and what contributes to that success. Bringing that back to the relevance of my own topical research, by being relevant and effective in my course it holds a heightened level of relevance to me both personally and academically. So what relevance does the topic bring to the reader?More importantly than just writing abou t the relevance of the topic generally, what relevance does this topic have on the reader? This is not to get confused with the benefits which will be addressed in the next paragraph. After the research has been completed, the reader will be able to take away a much clearer understanding of the results, this can both inspire and motivate the reader to create or carry out their own research into the topic, or at very least bring them to start looking into the topic themselves.A topic like Social-Class and the implications on Employability is a relevant topic because every person comes from a certain financial/socio-economic backgrounds themselves, and typically everyone wants to be employed at some point. The research will open the reader’s eyes into the advantages or disadvantages of coming from certain backgrounds, and sometimes the truth can be harsh. The potentially harsh truth of the research will hold validity to the reader, and give them something to work with themselve s to counteract such harsh truths from affecting their own lives.To summarise my last paragraph, the reader will hold a personal similarity with the research somewhere down the line because everyone has their own background they can relate to. The research can be confusing and frustrating to the reader, but there are benefits to this topic being explored, and I will cover those now. 2) What benefits will the research have on the industry/society? Before going into the benefits of the research, I feel it is appropriate to say that the research can only benefit the industry/society if it is noticed.By this I mean that all the research in the world can be done on a topic, but if nobody reads it or sees it, or inspires someone to put the research into an outcome, it will not benefit anybody. With that said let us get to the benefits, the research is based upon employability and social-class, the topic is broad and covers a lot of grounds. The first and foremost obvious form of benefit w ould be an increase in knowledge on the topic for the society, with increased knowledge people are more comfortable with understanding the topic and how to get more from it.For example, should the government be informed of the research on employability and social-class, it may spur them on to solving the problems of unemployment with creating schemes or models, as both topics are amongst the government’s list of problems to resolve in the UK. Where the government could step up would be in education centres like primary and secondary schools and certain colleges, ensuring those students who come from financially struggling backgrounds have an equal chance of success in their future as their peers, who are better off.A statistic from Labour Force Survey (2011), shows that a staggering 20% of 16-24 year olds are classified as NEET (Not in education, training or Employment). (BBC, 2011) That’s approximately 1/5th of all teenagers and young adults essentially doing nothing with their lives in terms of employment, for one reason or another. Let us compare that figure with the statistic that nearly 50% of children who claim free school meals achieve no GCSE passes above a D-grade, (Cassen and Kingdon, 2007).This existent research has helped to create charitable (non-government funded) services such as FirstTeach to prevent these statistics increasing. By the government being notified of the research it may increase the likelihood of the government bettering the educational system to ensure that there are no students left without, simply due to their financial backgrounds. I understand that there are other variables that will affect a student’s chances of success, but the current statistics are appalling and the knowledge increase can bring about a resolution.Without getting too philosophical in terms of whether there are benefits of increased knowledge to mankind, let us consider this research to be done in an altruistic sense to help those who a ren’t going to succeed or their chance of success is hindered. Another benefit to the industry from conducting the research is to help those existing educational improvement foundations which use the statistics and research to fuel their business goals, or even use them to motivate people to join.As already mentioned, one service that set out to provide every chance of success to students whose socio-economics background is limited is TeachFirst, they employ graduate students to teach. Founded in 2002 they have built their way up the ladder to being 4th in the Times graduate employers, whilst the teachers they employ have helped hundreds of thousands of students achieve success (FirstTeach, 2013). In terms of making an impact on employment and social-class issues, they are killing two birds with one stone.They help under-privileged younger students whilst employing graduates. Services like this will benefit from the research through relaying back to graduates to motivate them to join, ultimately growing and helping more and more younger students. A potential outcome of this research is that it ends up in the eyes of an inspired individual who wants to give back to the community; they set up their own version of TeachFirst and go about helping younger students, even though an extreme instance it would not be able to come about without the topical research.Ultimately the aim of this research is to bring to realisation the problems that lower-class/socio-economically disadvantaged students may face, and to then improve the employability and prospects of those students. 3) Literature Review The idea behind writing a literature review when writing research is to understand what is already known about the subject you are going to be researching, it helps to show where the existing knowledge is strong or weak and what other author’s mistakes in the field were.On top of these it can also help to inspire the researcher and develop their research direction more if their precise question of research is not yet set in stone. (A. Bryman, E. Bell. 2011). Whilst reviewing the literature on graduates employability based on social-class, it became evident that a set of particular trends were continuously showing up throughout the research, interestingly my original considerations of what would be a factor affecting employability was matched slightly (employer’s wish to hire the best people from the best socio-economic background), but with other interesting factors.The major trends involved with the literature are broken down as follows: Students from a disadvantaged socio-economic background/lower social-class lacked the same level of confidence as their advantaged peers, students from a lower social-class struggled to build there CV/employability with voluntary work experience due to funding and availability and students who aren’t a custom to having the middle/upper-class role models found it difficult to associate themselv es with those higher level jobs, e. g. ad no contacts in a professional field and had no one they could relate to/look up to back home. As there are similarities throughout the literature, there are also common limitations to the research, which are equal throughout the reading also. I go into further details of this literature below. Since employability and social-class/socio-economic background take on such a wide range of factors and variables, to save word space this literature review is going to look mostly at graduates employability status and their socio-economic backgrounds and ‘social class’ factors whilst at university.Considering the statistics that were written earlier, it is argued that there is a correlation between social class and employability, particularly from a younger age (taking into account the school meals and pass rates). Greenbank and Hepworth’s research that took place highlighted three key areas for a graduate’s employability; t hose were financial issues, networks and values.They stated that usually financial issues that lower-class students were faced with is the availability to do un-paid voluntary work to boost their CV, however not being able to do so, due to working paid part-time jobs to have some income that just get them by. Ultimately this is not increasing their employability. However their study showed that in this report’s circumstance it was not the financial issues that prevented them from working voluntarily, but more that the lower-class students did not realise that employers valued that type of experience.In terms of ‘networks’ the rationale of their study was that working class students were disadvantaged in the graduate market because they lacked the presence of social capital, unlike their middle-class peers who were more frequently around professionals and the lack of a ‘role-model’ meant the students desire and optimism to reach such a level was lower . (P. Greenbank, S. Hepworth, 2008).However, there are limitations to this research, the first major one being that the research was taken place at one individual university institution, to make their research more viable on a wider-spread case they would have to involve other universities, maybe other local universities to get an area specific set of data. There is already controversy on certain universities holding higher or lower amount of distinct social-classes.A Similar result was found by Cheri, their analysis which was constructed from a survey and HESA statistics, on ‘the factors determining graduate employability and how these effect employment prospects of students from lower socio-economic backgrounds, from ethnic minorities and mature students’. Their findings establish graduates from socially-disadvantaged groups do less well in employability due to the institutions they attend, the subject choice of study, the class of the degree they obtain and the entry qualifications the higher education (GCSE, A-Level).The analyses also showed that regardless of those factors being controlled for, socio-economic background will have an effect upon employment. Similar to Greenbank’s findings, Cheri found graduates that participated in substantial work experience whilst in higher education had employability benefits to all students, however the type of work that differed between the lower-class and socio-economically disadvantaged and he middle-class resulted in work experience being obtained but not really useful in terms of boosting employability. To conclude their findings, socio economics background, ethnic background and age all had indirect effects upon employability through the institution such as type, subject of study, entry qualifications and degree classification. Even when the above factors were controlled for, those with a disadvantaged socio-economic background were still not doing as well as their middle-class and above peers .Inclusive is a table (table: 1) which represents ‘factors which are associated with successful employment outcomes’, it clarifies that the socio-economically advantaged student has an employability advantage over their disadvantaged peers, as they are able to access the employment outcomes easier. I have also included a chart (chart: 1) which represents ‘the effects of social origin on the graduates’ labour market situation’; it highlights factors which are likely to have a direct relationship between biographical background and employability.The chart includes parent’s social status and education, ethnicity and age of entry as determinants to ‘success’ in the labour market. (Cheri, 2002). As with Greenbank’s research, this study was taken out on a single university this time it was the Open University. Although the research is extensive, it is very singular, and the research would be made more wide-spread viable if it was conducted in various institutions, it was also taken in a questionnaire form which has potential limitations of students not telling the complete truth in their answers due to embarrassment or fear e. . not wanting to admit they come from a disadvantaged background. There is further clarification of lower social classes being disadvantaged in Forsyth & Furlong’s research on socio-economic disadvantage in further and higher education. Their theorem and research was that lower social class members of the UK typically lacked confidence to go after more prestigious courses of study or qualification and almost tolerated going for a less advanced course.They argued that certain lower-class students didn’t pursue the longer period courses (Architecture or nursing which are 5+ years in some institutes) simply because the student didn’t want the extra years of debt, and the way the student finance support was set up Forsyth claimed the research showed ‘the current student finance policy tends to push the most talented disadvantaged school-leavers towards courses well below their full academic otential’ This research backs up the already existent evidence (Cheri, Greenbank) that lower social-classes are disadvantaged for various reasons, each researcher has mentioned some slightly different reasoning. Inclusive of the research which showed that a high percentage of upper-class students were studying a degree by the time they had left school (70% studying a university degree, 15% Not studying at all and 15% studying a HND), these figures showed that the lower-class students had a lot of competition, paired with their employability disadvantages meant for a hard time post-university to get ahead in the labour market.The Bar graph was created from a study with 198 full-time students. (Forsyth, 2003) This research was more widespread unlike Greenbank and Cheri’s, as this was a continuation of research already conducted from 1999, th is brings about a limitation that the previous research could have changed from that time making it out of date, and this research was then based off that out of date work. The research was taken out on around 400 pupils who had left secondary school in 1999, this meaning that they were basing results on what that graduate year had done with their lives after school.Limitations present here would mean that it could be coincidental that certain social-class backgrounds of that graduate year went onto university and those with lower social-class aren’t in education or at a degree level of education. Below are some charts and tables to further clarify what has been written in the literature review. Tables and Document Related Charts Chart: 1 (Cheri, ‘the effects of social origin on the graduates’ labour market situation’, 2002) Table: 1 (Cheri, ‘factors which are associated with successful employment outcomes’, 2002)Bar Graph: 1 (Forsyth, Social class and final destination. 2003) Bibliography Alan Bryman, E. B. , 2011. Business research Methods. New York: Oxford. Alan Bryman, E. B. , 2011. Business research Methods. New York: Oxford, Chapter 4, Page: 103. Andrews, J. & Higson. H. (2008). Graduate Employability, â€Å"Soft Skills† Versus â€Å"Hard† Business Knowledge: A European Study. Higher Education in Europe, 33(4), 411-422. Doi: 10. 1080/03797720802522627 BBC, 2011. ‘NEET’ youths figure at second-quarter high. [Online] Available at: http://www. bbc. co. k/news/education-14644613 [Accessed 13 March 2013]. Cassen, R. & Kingdon, G. (2007). Tackling low educational achievement. Joseph Rowntree Foundation (pp. 1-94). London. Cheri, I. (2002). Access to what: analysis of factors determining graduate employability, a report to the HEFCE by the centre for Higher, (November), 1-8. Cheri, I. (2002). Access to what: analysis of factors determining graduate employability a report to the HEFCE by the cent re for Higher, (November), 1-8. Page 8, Table 1: ‘Factors which are associated with successful employment outcomes’ Cheri, I. (2002).Access to what: analysis of factors determining graduate employability, a report to the HEFCE by the centre for Higher, (November), 1-8. Page 13, Chart 1: ‘The effects of social origin on the graduates’ labour market situation’ City And Law Leaflets, (2013), TeachFirst ‘The challenge starts here’, London. (Published: 2013) [Online] Available at: http://www. teachfirst. org. uk/TFhome [Accessed 13 March 2013] Forsyth, A. , & Furlong, A. (2003). ‘Losing out? Experience in further and higher education’. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, The Policy Press (pp. 1-68). Bristol Forsyth, A. & Furlong, A. (2003). ‘Losing out? Experience in further and higher education’. Joseph Rowntree Foundation, The Policy Press (pp. 1-68). Bristol, Page 13, Figure 3: Social class and ‘Final’ Destin ation. Greenbank, P. & Hepworth, S. (2008). Working class students and the career decision-making process. (January) McQuaid, R. W. & Lindsay, C. (2005). The concept of employability. Urban studies, 42(2), 197-219. DOI: 10. 1080/0042098042000316100 TeachFirst, 2013. ‘Our history’ [Online] Available at: http://www. teachfirst. org. uk/ourhistory/ [Accessed 13 march 2013]

Gender and Globalization Essay

Globalization and its Impact on Women’s education Worldwide Globalization is defined as the worldwide movement toward financial, economic, and communication integration. Globalization has improved the lives of women worldwide, especially the lives of women living in developing countries. However, women remain disadvantaged in many aspects in life including health, employment, rights, and education. In this essay, I will discuss the impact of globalization on women worldwide, mainly on their participation in education. Although many advantages were gained, there is still worldwide inequality in education. According to the UNESCO, inequality in education is directly connected to poverty (Globalization 101)[1]. Studies have shown that more female children are not attending than male children in poor areas. Sub-Saharan Africa, Western Asia, and Oceana still face challenges reaching gender inequality for primary education. On the other hand, the Caribbean, Eastern Asia, and Latin America have more female students than male students going on to secondary education. In extremely poor or rural areas, females are less likely to have any type of education. In many of the world’s poorest countries located in Sub Saharan Africa, the Arab States, and West Asia the education of females in many is not valued because they are expected to contribute more at home, while males should gain skills to work and support their families. According to the UNESCO, the elimination of inequality in education would help lessen poverty in general. Also, female education has indirect effects for society such as improved fertility rates, improved child health, and improved educational opportunities for everyone in the household. In addition, increased skill levels allow women to participate more in the economy, which will increase the economic prosperity of the family (Globalization 101)[1]. Although globalization has opened markets worldwide, increased profits, and created more jobs for all countries and citizens, this neo-liberal model has increased poverty in many parts of the world and deepened the inequalities within the nations. Globalization has caused the rich to be richer and the poor to be poorer. Globalization mainly affects women because majority of the world’s poor are women (Shortchanging women WEDO)[2]. Also, structural adjustment policies with their elimination of subsidies, attendant price increases, and social services decreases, have increased the vulnerability of women and children where the distribution of the provision of health care and education favor income earning adults or men. Structural adjustment causes women hold responsibility of dealing with increased priced and income decrease. With increased unemployment and decreased wages for men, the responsibility is placed upon the women and children to take part of economic activity in order to support the household. In Peru, One study found that the effects of economic crisis and structural adjustment led to a significant increase in poverty. Structural adjustment policies and other forms of neo-liberalism are a major factor behind the â€Å"feminization of poverty†(Moghadam 1999)[3]. Although globalization offers women great opportunities, women are faced with equal new challenges. Women are still disadvantaged in many areas in their lives such as education. Gender inequality in education is still occurring in many developing countries, and it is directly connected to poverty. It is believed that eliminating gender inequality in education would lessen poverty. Neo-liberalism and structural adjustment are aimed to make economic and financial improvements worldwide, however, they are said to be a major factor behind women’s poverty in many areas in the world. In conclusion, Globalization with all its advantages to women’s education, it shares equal disadvantages and challenges that many women around the world will continue to face everyday. Works Cited: [1] http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/Women/Women2011.pdf [2]http://www.wedo.org/wp-content/uploads/shortchanging-women-factsheet.pdf [3]http://jwsr.ucr.edu/archive/vol5/number2/v5n2_split/jwsr_v5n2_moghadam.pdf

How to Control Japanese Beetles

How to Control Japanese Beetles Japanese beetles do twice the damage of ordinary insect pests. The larvae, called grubs, live in the soil and feed on the roots of grasses and other plants. The adult beetles feed on the leaves and flowers of over 300 trees, shrubs, and herbs. Japanese beetles are the bane of the rose garden and will devour prized hibiscus and hollyhocks, too. Control of Japanese beetles requires an understanding of their life cycle and a two-pronged attack- one strategy for the grubs, and one for the beetles. The Japanese Beetle Life Cycle To control Japanese beetles effectively, its important to know when theyre active. Using a pest control product at the wrong time of the pests life cycle is a waste of time and money. So first, a quick primer on the Japanese beetle life cycle. Spring:  Mature beetle grubs become active, feeding on turfgrass roots and damaging lawns. They will continue feeding until early summer.Summer:  Adult beetles begin to emerge, usually in late June, and remain active throughout the summer. Japanese beetles will feed on garden plants, doing considerable damage when present in large numbers. During the summer, the beetles also mate. Females excavate soil cavities and deposit their eggs by late summer.Fall:  Young grubs hatch in late summer, and feed on grass roots through the fall. Mature grubs become inactive as cold weather approaches.Winter:  Mature grubs spend the winter months in the soil. How to Control Japanese Beetle Grubs Biological Control: Lawn areas can be treated with an application of milky disease spores, spores of the bacterium Paenibacillus  popilliae  (aka  Bacillus  popillae). The grubs ingest these bacterial spores, which germinate and reproduce within the grubs body and ultimately kill it. Over several years time, the milky spore bacteria builds up in the soil and acts to suppress grub infestations. No chemical pesticides should be used on the lawn simultaneously, as this can affect the milky spores efficacy. Another naturally-occurring bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis japonensis (BTJ) may also be used to control Japanese beetle grubs. BTJ is applied to the soil, and grubs ingest it. Btj destroys the grubs digestive system and ultimately kills the larva. A beneficial nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, also works to control Japanese beetle grubs. Nematodes are microscopic parasitic roundworms that transport and feed on bacteria. When they find a grub, the nematodes penetrate the larva and inoculate it with bacteria, which quickly multiply within the grubs body. The nematode then feeds on the bacteria. Chemical Control: Some chemical pesticides are registered for control of Japanese beetle grubs. These pesticides should be applied in July or August when young grubs are feeding. Consult a pest control expert or your local agricultural extension office for specific information on selecting and using pesticides for grub control. How to Control Japanese Beetle Adults Physical Control: Where there is one Japanese beetle, there will soon be ten, so hand picking the earliest arrivals can help keep numbers down significantly. In the early morning, beetles are sluggish and can be shaken from branches into a bucket of soapy water. If Japanese beetle populations are high in your area, beetle control may include making smart decisions about what to plant in your yard. Japanese beetles love roses, grapes, lindens, sassafras, Japanese maple, and purple-leaf plums, so these plants should be avoided if Japanese beetle damage is a concern. Garden centers and hardware stores sell pheromone traps for Japanese beetles. Research shows these traps are generally ineffective for use in the home garden, and may actually attract more beetles to your plants. Chemical Control: Some chemical pesticides are registered for control of Japanese beetle adults. These pesticides are applied to the foliage of susceptible plants. Consult a pest control expert or your local agricultural extension office for specific information on selecting and using pesticides for Japanese beetle adult control.

How To Make Colorful Soap Bubbles

How To Make Colorful Soap Bubbles Were you one of those kids who tried to add food coloring to ordinary bubble solution to make colored bubbles? Food coloring wont give you bright bubbles, and even if it did, they would cause stains. Heres a recipe for pink or blue colored bubbles, based on disappearing ink, so the bubbles wont stain surfaces when they land. Safety First Please dont drink the bubble solution! Unused bubble solution may be stored for later in a sealed container or disposed of by pouring it down the drain.These are bubbles intended for blowing bubbles, not for bathing.Sodium hydroxide is a  strong base. Avoid direct contact with this ingredient. If you do get some on your hands, rinse them immediately with water. Ingredients Liquid dishwashing detergent  (or another detergent)Water or commercial bubble solutionSodium hydroxidePhenolphthaleinThymolphthaleinClub soda (optional) Heres How If you are making your own bubble solution, mix the detergent and water.Add the sodium hydroxide and indicator to the bubble solution. You want enough indicator so that the bubbles will be deeply colored. For each liter of bubble solution (4 cups), this is about 1-1/2 to 2 teaspoons of phenolphthalein (red) or thymolphthalein (blue).Add sodium hydroxide until you get the indicator to change from colorless to colored (about half a teaspoon should do the trick). A little more sodium hydroxide will result in a bubble that keeps its color longer. If you add too much, the color of the bubble wont disappear when exposed to air or rubbed, though you can still react it with club soda.You may find it necessary to dissolve the indicator in a small amount of alcohol before mixing it with the bubble solution. You can use pre-made indicator solution, adding the sodium hydroxide to the indicator rather than diluting with water.Youve essentially made disappearing ink bubbles. When the bubble lands, you can make the color vanish by either rubbing the spot (reacting the liquid with air) or by adding a little club soda. Fun! If you have disappearing ink, you could mix it with bubble solution to make disappearing ink bubbles.